What is a typical use case for Rule-Based Access Control?

Rule-Based Access Control (RBAC) is an access control mechanism that grants or denies access rights based on a system of predefined rules. Its primary focus is on defining what is allowed or prohibited based on specific attributes, conditions, or rules rather than user roles or identities.

In this context, the correct use case for Rule-Based Access Control is filtering network traffic. This involves establishing rules that determine which types of network traffic are permitted or blocked based on criteria such as IP addresses, protocols, or time of access. For example, a rule may specify that traffic from a certain IP address or related to a specific application should be denied, while other traffic is allowed. This capability allows organizations to implement fine-grained security policies directly aligned with their operational needs.

Other options are more aligned with different access control models. Granting access based on user roles typically relates to Role-Based Access Control (RBAC), where permissions are assigned to specific roles that users obtain. Monitoring user behavior pertains to security analytics and oversight systems rather than directly to access control rules. Managing user identities focuses on identity management practices, which support having accurate and secure credentials for users, rather than on the dynamic mechanism of access permissions defined by real-time rules.